STEP 5: Developing a DRM plan
A systematic approach would culminate in a (national) DRM plan that would follow a risk-informed DRR strategy with an all-inclusive approach (UNISDR, 2017 Consultative version). The following are core activities to consider:
- Build upon the risk assessment (Phase 1) and, if needed, carry out an in-depth review of prioritized hazards, their frequency and potential impact on fiscal and macroeconomic, long-term sector trends and repercussions, as well as poverty and food security implications.
- Analyse the relevant regulatory and institutional frameworks for the agricultural sector, including the main limitations that prevent local institutions (public and private) from performing effectively in the selected areas (for insurance, see Phase 2 Retention and Transfer).
- Building upon the DRM performance analysis, identify DRM options for specific areas to address the risk management problem and its scope − short to medium term. Highlight linkages with current public policy framework and consider government interventions as well as the potential for market-driven solutions.
- Share the findings with all relevant stakeholders and jointly prepare a comprehensive plan of action, including the following information: activities (including capacity development), responsible institutions, estimated cost, resources needed and timescale. If insurance solutions have been identified to be a part of the DRM plan, it is recommended to include the insurance industry in the DRM performance analysis.
Guiding Questions and Tools
Guiding Questions
How to develop a (national) DRM plan for the government (including measures protecting population groups [e.g. farmers] and SMEs along the agricultural value chain)?
Which key responsible person(s) and/or institution(s) need to be involved?
Global databases and tools
CADRI (Capacity for Disaster Reduction Initiative) global partnership of 14 UN and non-UN organizations: Tool for prioritization of DRR capacity development actions to develop national DRR plans and strategies (of the Sendai Framework)
World Bank/GFDRR Climate Change Knowledge Portal (CCKP): Central hub of information to learn about and evaluate climate-related vulnerabilities and risks for decision-making on policies and for managing climate impacts
UNISDR: 2017 Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction: Global forum for strategic advice, coordination, and the review of progress in the implementation of international instruments on disaster risk reduction
http://www.unisdr.org/conferences/2017/globalplatform/en/about
Guidelines
IFRC/UNDP (2015): The Handbook on Law and Disaster Risk Reduction
http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Photos/Secretariat/201511/Handbook%20on%20law%20and%20DRR%20LR.pdf
World Bank (2016): Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment − Methodological Guidance for Practitioners. Agriculture Global Practice Discussion Paper 10
GERICS Climate Service Center (2014): Adapting to Climate Change − Methods and Tools for Climate Risk Management. CSC Report 17
http://www.climate-service-center.de/imperia/md/content/csc/csc_report17.pdf
UNISDR (2017 Consultative version): National Disaster Risk Assessment − Governance System, Methodologies, and Use of Results
IFRC/UNDP (2015): The Checklist on Law and Disaster Risk Reduction − An annotated outline
Guidelines
International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Columbia University: Agriculture information related to climate change and extreme weather events
FAO (2016): Gender-responsive approach to disaster risk reduction (DRR) planning in the agricultural sector
IFRC (2010): A practical guide to Gender-sensitive Approaches for Disaster Management
http://www.ifrc.org/PageFiles/96532/A%20Guide%20for%20Gender-sensitive%20approach%20to%20DM.pdf
UK Climate Impacts Programme Adaptation Wizard tool: 5-step process to assess vulnerability to climate change and identify options to address climate risks
Guiding Questions
Is there a capacity development plan in place that covers the concept of integrated DRM (including insurance)? If so, for whom are the programmes conceptualized?
Tools and Reference
Multi-/bilateral organizations and (I)NGOs:
Several guidelines mentioned under ‘Tools’ in the respective sections, e.g. World Bank (2016): Agricultural sector risk assessment − methodological guidance for practitioners.
Expected Outputs When Using the Tools
- The inventory of key weather-related events and the related DRM mechanisms provide a systematic overview of the DRM practices of the various actors.
- The cost-benefit analysis (or at least estimations) of the applied DRM mechanisms will enable the government to identify the most suitable DRM mechanisms.
- The list of identified protection gaps enables the government to select the most suitable DRM mechanisms complementing the DRM strategy and indicate a potential demand for insurance.
- A DRM plan is the basis for developing and implementing the most suitable prevention and preparedness measures, disaster risk financing and insurance products as well as response and recovery mechanisms for enhancing resilience of the population, the agricultural private sector and the government.
- Insurance-related outputs (‘Synergies: Insurance and DRM Analysis’).